How to Tell if Your Horse is Healthy

Horses are creatures of habit, and when something seems different than usual, we often notice and wonder whether what we are seeing is normal, or if we should be concerned that something might be wrong. Here are some helpful tips that can help you make that determination.
Your Horse’s Attitude
Horses that feel good are usually alert and quick to respond to stimuli, often pricking their ears when they hear sounds, looking at things that are happening around them, and interacting with their owners or caregivers.
If your horse seems listless and unresponsive, check to see whether he is napping; if his head is hanging and he seems out of sorts, see whether things that normally pep him up get his attention. If he is not bright, alert, and responsive, he may be sick.Watch for deterioration, and err on the side of caution. Your vet won’t blame you for calling out of concern.
A Normal Appetite
Horses usually have excellent appetites; this is because horses evolved as grazers, constantly eating unless travelling, socializing, or resting. Strenuous activity can sometimes interrupt the appetite – in fact, some horses show little interest in their feed for up to twenty-four hours after a tough competition.
On the other hand, lack of appetite or lack of interest in feed or favorite treats can be one of the first indicators of illness. Be sure your horse always has access to water, and ensure you feed good quality hay. If you’re a new horse owner, be sure to learn about horses’ nutritional requirements as any deviation can lead to colic, founder, and other serious problems. If in doubt, talk to your vet.
Body, Coat, and Hoof Condition
Your horse’s body should be neither thin nor fat; and his coat should be shiny and even, rather than dull and patchy. The hooves should not flake or crack, and the frogs should be well shaped with an almost rubbery texture. In addition, you should not be able to detect an odor coming from the hooves.
If you’re new to the world of horses, spend time learning what is normal and what is not.Horses are much like us in that they occasionally develop problems; knowing what to look for can help you to intercept trouble before it becomes severe. If you’re not sure about something, ask an experienced horse person to look at your horse. It’s normal to worry and it is better to be too concerned than not caring enough.
Droppings and Urine
Your horse’s droppings can tell you quite a bit about how he or she is feeling. Normal droppings should be oval-shaped, slightly firm, and a little moist. Once you have spent time around horses in good condition, you’ll know what normal horse manure looks and smells like; if your horse has diarrhea or foul-smelling droppings, investigate the cause.
Sometimes it is something as simple as too much spring grass, in other cases, it can be an indicator that something is amiss. Your horse’s urine should be clear to yellow, and sometimes it will have a slightly cloudy look; dark yellow urine that has a very strong odor can indicate dehydration, and urine that looks red or black indicates serious trouble – if you see it, call the vet.
Vices
Vices, like wind-sucking or cribbing, weaving while stabled, or constant pacing while confined can indicate stress or psychological problems. To prevent these problems, ensure your horse is not kept confined for days on end, and ensure that he or she is able to socialize with other horses.
Horses need exercise, and they need mental stimulation. Imagine what would happen to your own psyche, were you kept in a small room with no entertainment – you might start to destroy your surroundings or pace to keep yourself busy. If you keep your horse stabled and can’t visit every day, be sure he or she is being turned out regularly.
These are very basic ways to tell if your horse is in good health. There are plenty of great resources available; for instance, every horse owner should keep a basic veterinary manual on hand, and new owners should definitely seek the advice of someone with practical experience. In general, horses are hardy, active animals. Properly cared for, they can live long and productive lives.
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